New World Health Org Report: The health and social effects of nonmedical cannabis use

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Chapter 9. Conclusions

9.1 What do we know?

In summary there is less knowledge about the health and social effects of nonmedical cannabis use than about the use of alcohol and tobacco. On the basis of the current review by experts, the following conclusions of the known and unknown effects can be made.

9.1.1 What do we know about the neurobiology of cannabis use?

We know the following:

·       CB1 receptors (which respond to THC) are widely distributed in the brain, including areas that control attention, decision-making, motivation and memory.

·       These receptors modulate the effects of a variety of other neurotransmitter systems.

·       Short-term and long-term cannabis use down-regulates these receptors in ways that may explain the short-term and long-term effects of cannabis on working memory, planning and decision-making, response speed, accuracy and latency motivation, motor coordination, mood and cognition.

9.1.2 What do

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